• The register memory is a temporary storage area for storing and transferring the data and the instructions to a computer.
• It is the smallest and fastest memory of a computer.
• It is a part of computer memory located in the CPU as the form of registers.
• The register memory is 16, 32 and 64 bits in size.
• It temporarily stores data instructions and the address of the memory that is repeatedly used to provide faster response to the CPU.
• When the processor starts execution. Accessing or executing of data from primary memory is faster because it has a cache or register memory that provides faster response, and it is located closer to the CPU.

• A register is a device capable of storing a bit.
• The data can be serial or parallel.
• A register can convert a data from serial to parallel and vice-versa.
• Shifting the digits to left and right is an important aspect of arithmetic operations.

BUFFER REGISTER :

• A Register is used for storing and shifting data entered into it from an external source.
• We know that a flip-flop is the basic storage element in digital system.
• For storing more bits, we need more flip-flop.
• Each state of a flip-flop has one bit of storage capacity. Thus the number of stages is equal to the storage capacity.

BASIC SHIFT OPERATIONS :

• A simple example of shift operation is that in a calculator.
• It is a temporary memory and holds the number displayed.
• When we press a new digit on the keyboard, the earlier number is shifted to the left.

UNIVERSAL SHIFT REGISTER:

•A Universal shift register, also known as bidirectional shift register, can shift data in both directions. The logic gates are arranged in such a way that data bits can be transferred from one stage to the next in either direction depending on the control line input.